/* ============================================
   Lab Site — Layout Specific Styles
   ConFlux Lab public-site layout
   ============================================ */

/* ============================================
   Navigation — Transparent → Scrolled
   ============================================ */
html.home-snap {
    scroll-snap-type: y mandatory;
    scroll-padding-top: var(--nav-height);
}

.home-snap .main-content-home > section {
    scroll-snap-align: start;
    scroll-snap-stop: always;
}

/* Long sections remain scrollable, including stacked cards on phones. */
.home-snap .main-content-home > .section {
    min-height: calc(100vh - var(--nav-height));
    min-height: calc(100dvh - var(--nav-height));
}

/* 마지막 구역은 내용만큼 — 화면 높이를 채우게 두면 키 큰 화면(iPad 세로 820x1180)에서 소식·갤러리 아래가 480px 넘게 비었다.
   꼬리말이 바로 붙고, 둘이 화면보다 짧으면 끝 멈춤(꼬리말 end)이 맨 아래를 잡는다 */
.home-snap .main-content-home > .section:last-child {
    min-height: 0;
}

.home-snap .footer {
    scroll-snap-align: end;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    html.home-snap { scroll-behavior: auto; }
}

.nav {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: var(--nav-height);
    background: transparent;
    z-index: 1000;
    transition: background var(--transition-base), box-shadow var(--transition-base);
}

.nav.scrolled {
    background: var(--color-bg);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.nav-inner {
    max-width: var(--container-max);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-lg);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    height: 100%;
}

.nav-logo {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.nav-logo a {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--spacing-sm);
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav-logo img {
    height: 40px;
    width: auto;
    transition: opacity var(--transition-base);
}

.nav-logo .logo-white { display: block; }
.nav-logo .logo-color { display: none; }
.nav.scrolled .nav-logo .logo-white { display: none; }
.nav.scrolled .nav-logo .logo-color { display: block; }

/* Text logo fallback */
.nav-logo .logo-text {
    font-size: var(--font-size-xl);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
    transition: color var(--transition-base);
}

.nav.scrolled .nav-logo .logo-text {
    color: var(--color-primary);
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.nav-menu > li {
    position: relative;
}

.nav-menu > li > a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0 20px;
    line-height: var(--nav-height);
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
    font-size: var(--font-size-base);
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color var(--transition-base);
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav.scrolled .nav-menu > li > a {
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.nav-menu > li > a:hover,
.nav-menu > li > a.active {
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.nav.scrolled .nav-menu > li > a:hover,
.nav.scrolled .nav-menu > li > a.active {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    opacity: 1;
}

.nav-toggle {
    display: none;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
    font-size: 24px;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: var(--spacing-sm);
    transition: color var(--transition-base);
}

.nav.scrolled .nav-toggle {
    color: var(--color-text);
}

/* ============================================
   Navigation — Per-item Dropdown
   ============================================ */
.nav-menu > li.has-submenu {
    position: relative;
}

.nav-submenu {
    display: none;
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    background: var(--color-bg);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
    min-width: 200px;
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) 0;
    z-index: 1001;
    list-style: none;
}

/* 메뉴와 서브메뉴 사이 빈 틈 방지용 가상 요소 */
.nav-menu > li.has-submenu::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 6px;
    display: none;
}

/* 마우스를 대면 열리는 건 마우스가 있는 기기만 — 터치 기기는 누르면 열린다(app.js 가 mobile-open 을 붙인다).
   터치에도 :hover 를 두면 누른 뒤 그 상태가 남아, 다시 눌러도 닫히지 않았다 */
@media (hover: hover) {
    .nav-menu > li.has-submenu:hover::after {
        display: block;
    }

    .nav-menu > li.has-submenu:hover > .nav-submenu {
        display: block;
    }
}

.nav-menu > li.has-submenu.mobile-open > .nav-submenu {
    display: block;
}

.nav-submenu li a {
    display: block;
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-lg);
    color: var(--color-text);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    white-space: nowrap;
    transition: background var(--transition-fast), color var(--transition-fast);
}

.nav-submenu li a:hover {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    color: var(--color-primary);
}

/* Legacy dropdown (keep for mobile) */
.nav-dropdown {
    position: relative;
}

.nav-dropdown .dropdown-menu {
    display: none;
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    background: var(--color-bg);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    min-width: 180px;
    padding: var(--spacing-xs) 0;
    z-index: 1001;
}

.dropdown-menu a {
    display: block;
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
    color: var(--color-text);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
}

.dropdown-menu a:hover {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    color: var(--color-accent);
}

/* ============================================
   Hero — Fullscreen with BG image
   ============================================ */
.hero {
    position: relative;
    height: 60vh;
    min-height: 400px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: #000;
}

.hero::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    z-index: 1;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-primary-dark) 0%, var(--color-primary) 50%, var(--color-primary-light) 100%);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

.hero-fullscreen {
    height: 100vh;
    min-height: 600px;
}

.hero-fullscreen::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    z-index: 1;
    opacity: 0.25;
    background-image: radial-gradient(circle at 1px 1px, rgba(255,255,255,.48) 1px, transparent 0);
    background-size: 34px 34px;
    mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #000, transparent 82%);
}

.hero-content { position: relative; z-index: 3; }

.hero-kicker {
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,.7);
    font-size: .78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: .32em;
    text-align: center;
}

.hero-orbit {
    position: absolute;
    z-index: 2;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18);
    border-radius: 50%;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-orbit-one { width: 52vw; height: 52vw; min-width: 620px; min-height: 620px; left: -18vw; top: -24vw; }
.hero-orbit-two { width: 34vw; height: 34vw; min-width: 420px; min-height: 420px; right: -10vw; bottom: -18vw; }

.research-placeholder {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #d8e6ef, #7da9bd 48%, #14385c);
}

.pub-home-mark {
    min-width: 240px;
    padding: 2rem;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,.75);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #173f66, #071a35);
    font-size: 2.1rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    line-height: 1.05;
    letter-spacing: .08em;
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-end;
}

.hero-fullscreen::before {
    animation: heroZoom 5s ease-out forwards;
}

.hero-video,
.hero-poster {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    z-index: 0;
}

.hero-poster {
    background: #071a35 var(--hero-poster) center / cover no-repeat;
}

.hero-has-media::before {
    background: linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(3, 13, 31, .74), rgba(6, 37, 65, .46), rgba(3, 13, 31, .66));
}

@keyframes heroZoom {
    0% { transform: scale(1.2); }
    100% { transform: scale(1); }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .hero-video { display: none; }
    .hero-has-media { background: #071a35 var(--hero-poster) center / cover no-repeat; }
    .hero-fullscreen::before { animation: none; }
}

/* If hero has a bg image set via inline style or data attribute */
.hero[data-bg]::before,
.hero-has-bg::before {
    background-image: var(--hero-bg);
    background-color: #000;
}

.hero-overlay {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
    width: 100%;
}

.hero h1,
.hero-title {
    font-size: var(--font-size-hero);
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    line-height: 1;
    text-align: center;
}

.hero-title .char-highlight {
    font-weight: 600;
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: 25px;
    font-weight: 400;
    margin-top: 10px;
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
    line-height: 1.6;
    text-align: center;
}

/* Scroll Indicator — 3 arrow fade */
.hero-scroll {
    position: absolute;
    z-index: 2;
    bottom: 50px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0;
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
}

.hero-scroll p {
    font-size: 14px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    letter-spacing: 0.15em;
}

.hero-scroll .arrow-box {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

.hero-scroll .arrow {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.hero-scroll .arrow span {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 7px;
    height: 1px;
    background-color: #fff;
}

.hero-scroll .arrow span:first-child {
    transform: rotate(45deg);
    margin-right: -1px;
}

.hero-scroll .arrow span:last-child {
    transform: rotate(-45deg);
    margin-left: -1px;
}

.hero-scroll .arrow01 { animation: arrowFade 1s infinite alternate; animation-delay: 0s; }
.hero-scroll .arrow02 { animation: arrowFade 1s infinite alternate; animation-delay: 0.3s; }
.hero-scroll .arrow03 { animation: arrowFade 1s infinite alternate; animation-delay: 0.6s; }

@keyframes arrowFade {
    0% { opacity: 1; }
    100% { opacity: 0; }
}

/* ============================================
   Section Labels & More links (lab overrides)
   ============================================ */
.section-more-top {
    /* Moved to section-header flex layout */
}

/* ============================================
   Page Header (subpages)
   ============================================ */
/* 글 상세(뉴스·갤러리)의 남색 띠 — 본문 칸(.main-content)이 이미 머리말 높이만큼 내려 두므로 위 여백에 또 더하지 않는다.
   제목은 h1 이다(h2 에만 흰 글을 줘 남색 바탕에 남색 글로 보이지 않았다) */
.page-header {
    background: var(--color-primary);
    padding: var(--spacing-3xl) var(--spacing-lg);
    text-align: center;
}

.page-header h1,
.page-header h2 {
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
    font-size: var(--font-size-3xl);
}

.content-section {
    padding: var(--spacing-2xl) var(--spacing-lg);
    max-width: var(--container-max);
    margin: 0 auto;
}

/* ============================================
   Home — Research Focus cards
   넓으면 같은 너비 카드가 한 줄(그림 위·글 아래, 그림은 정사각), 980px 아래로는 한 장씩 가로 줄(왼쪽 정사각 그림·오른쪽 글).
   한 줄 칸 수(--cols)는 home.html 이 카드 수로 정한다. 마우스를 대면 카드가 떠오르고 글 칸이 남색이 되며,
   그림 위 반투명 상자에 중주제가 나온다(2026-09-27 랩장 요청)
   ============================================ */
.research-card-grid {
    --gap: 1.25rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: var(--gap);
    margin-top: 3.5rem;
}

.research-card-wrapper {
    flex: 0 0 calc((100% - (var(--cols, 3) - 1) * var(--gap)) / var(--cols, 3));
    min-width: 0;
    transition: transform var(--transition-base);
}

.research-card-wrapper:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
}

.research-card {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid #dbe8ed;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: #fff;
    box-shadow: 0 14px 38px rgba(8, 39, 66, .09);
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.research-card:hover {
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.research-card-img {
    position: relative;
    flex: none;
    aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: #071a33;
}

.research-card-img img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    opacity: .94;
    transition: transform var(--transition-base), opacity var(--transition-base);
}

.research-card-wrapper:hover .research-card-img img {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: scale(1.035);
}

/* 아래 여백은 오른쪽 아래 화살표 자리 — 제목이 칸 너비를 다 쓰게 오른쪽이 아니라 아래에 둔다 */
.research-card-text {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    padding: 1.5rem 1.5rem 3.5rem;
    background: #fff;
}

.research-card-text::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    z-index: 1;
    background-image: linear-gradient(to right, var(--color-primary), var(--color-primary-dark));
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity var(--transition-base);
}

.research-card-wrapper:hover .research-card-text::before {
    opacity: 1;
}

.research-card-num,
.research-card-text h3 {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 3;
    transition: color var(--transition-base);
}

.research-card-num {
    margin-bottom: .6rem;
    color: #4f7582;
    font-size: .7rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: .12em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* 네 칸일 때 1024px 창에서 카드가 230px 안팎이라 긴 대문자 낱말(MANUFACTURING)이 들어가게 창 너비 따라 줄이고,
   그래도 넘치면 낱말 안에서 줄을 바꾼다 */
.research-card-text h3 {
    color: var(--color-primary-dark);
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 1.8vw, 1.85rem);
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.16;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

.research-card-arrow {
    position: absolute;
    right: 1.5rem;
    bottom: 1.25rem;
    z-index: 3;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    line-height: 1;
    transition: color var(--transition-base), transform var(--transition-base);
}

.research-card:hover .research-card-arrow {
    transform: translateX(5px);
}

.research-card-wrapper:hover .research-card-num {
    color: #8be5ea;
}

.research-card-wrapper:hover .research-card-text h3,
.research-card-wrapper:hover .research-card-arrow {
    color: #fff;
}

/* 중주제 — 그림 위 반투명 상자. 그림(정사각) 전체를 사방 1rem 여백으로 덮고 글은 위아래 가운데(2026-09-27 랩장 요청).
   상자는 글 칸 안에 있어 글 칸 위쪽으로 띄운다 — 그림이 정사각이라 상자도 정사각(너비 = 그림 - 2rem = 높이) */
.research-card-sub {
    position: absolute;
    right: 1rem;
    bottom: calc(100% + 1rem);
    left: 1rem;
    z-index: 1;
    display: flex;
    align-items: safe center;
    aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    background: rgba(7, 26, 51, .72);
    color: #fff;
    font-size: clamp(.95rem, 1.2vw, 1.2rem);
    line-height: 1.45;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(.5rem);
    transition: opacity var(--transition-base), transform var(--transition-base), color var(--transition-base);
    pointer-events: none;
}

.research-card-wrapper:hover .research-card-sub,
.research-card:focus-visible .research-card-sub {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
}

@media (max-width: 1127px) {
    .research-card-grid { --gap: 1rem; }
    .research-card-text { padding: 1.25rem 1.25rem 3.25rem; }
    .research-card-arrow { right: 1.25rem; }
    .research-card-sub { font-size: .9rem; }
}

/* 중주제를 상자 대신 제목 아래 글로 — 가로 줄(980px 이하)과, 마우스를 댈 수 없는 손가락 화면(태블릿 가로 등).
   손가락 화면에서 그림 전체를 덮는 상자를 늘 띄우면 그림이 늘 가려진다 */
@media (max-width: 980px), (hover: none) and (pointer: coarse) {
    .research-card-sub {
        position: relative;
        inset: auto;
        z-index: 3;
        display: block;
        aspect-ratio: auto;
        overflow: visible;
        margin-top: .5rem;
        padding: 0;
        background: none;
        color: var(--color-text-light);
        font-size: .95rem;
        opacity: 1;
        transform: none;
    }
    .research-card-wrapper:hover .research-card-sub { color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .85); }
}

/* 가로 줄 — 그림은 크기를 못 박은 정사각(글이 더 길면 남색 칸 가운데에 그대로 두고), 중주제는 제목 아래 글로 */
@media (max-width: 980px) {
    .research-card-grid { margin-top: 2rem; }
    .research-card-wrapper { flex-basis: 100%; }
    .research-card { flex-direction: row; }
    .research-card-img { display: flex; align-items: center; width: 200px; aspect-ratio: auto; }
    .research-card-img img,
    .research-card-img .research-placeholder { height: auto; aspect-ratio: 1 / 1; }
    .research-card-text { justify-content: center; padding: 1.25rem 3.5rem 1.25rem 1.5rem; }
    .research-card-text h3 { font-size: 1.6rem; }
    .research-card-arrow { right: 1.5rem; }
}

/* 휴대폰 — 같은 가로 줄에 그림만 작게 */
@media (max-width: 520px) {
    .research-card-grid { --gap: .75rem; }
    .research-card-img { width: 112px; }
    .research-card-text { padding: .75rem 1rem; }
    .research-card-num { margin-bottom: .3rem; letter-spacing: .1em; }
    .research-card-text h3 { font-size: 1.1rem; }
    .research-card-sub { margin-top: .3rem; font-size: .8rem; line-height: 1.4; }
    .research-card-arrow { display: none; }
}

/* 휴대폰 가로(낮은 화면)의 가로 줄 — 200px 그림이면 한 화면에 카드가 한 장 반뿐이라 줄인다 */
@media (max-width: 980px) and (max-height: 500px) and (orientation: landscape) {
    .research-card-img { width: 140px; }
}

/* ============================================
   Home — Publications Card (reference style)
   ============================================ */
.pub-home-section {
    position: relative;
    margin-top: var(--spacing-4xl);
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-4xl);
}

/* Background decoration */
.pub-bg {
    width: 100vw;
    min-height: 858px;
    background-color: var(--color-bg-alt);
    position: absolute;
    top: -300px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    z-index: -1;
}

.pub-home-card {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    width: 100%;
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: 30px 50px;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-pub);
    transition: all var(--transition-base);
}

.pub-home-card:hover {
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.pub-home-left {
    width: 72%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 20px;
}

.pub-home-year {
    display: block;
    width: 100px;
    height: 35px;
    line-height: 35px;
    background-color: var(--color-primary);
    border-radius: 8px;
    color: #fff;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 22px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.pub-home-title {
    font-size: 30px;
    line-height: 1.3;
    font-weight: 700;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    transition: color var(--transition-base);
}

.pub-home-card:hover .pub-home-title {
    color: var(--color-primary);
}

.pub-home-meta {
    display: inline;
    font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    transition: color var(--transition-base);
}

.pub-home-card:hover .pub-home-meta {
    color: var(--color-primary);
}

.pub-home-right {
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
    width: 320px;
    height: 252px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.pub-home-right img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    opacity: 0.5;
    transition: all var(--transition-base);
}

.pub-home-card:hover .pub-home-right img {
    transform: scale(1.1);
    opacity: 1;
}

/* Publication list below the main card */
.pub-home-list-below {
    height: 400px;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-top: 20px;
}

.pub-home-list-below li {
    padding: 50px 20px;
}

/* ============================================
   Home — News & Gallery Side-by-Side
   ============================================ */
.section-news-gallery {
    padding: var(--spacing-4xl) 0 var(--spacing-5xl);
    position: relative;
}

.nng-wrap {
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 50px;
}

/* News */
.nng-news {
    width: 50%;
}

.news-home-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0;
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.news-home-item {
    max-width: 770px;
    min-height: 135px;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border-medium);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    transition: all var(--transition-base);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.news-home-item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.news-home-item-inner {
    display: flex;
    width: 100%;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 0 30px;
    gap: 30px;
}

.news-home-date {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.news-home-ym {
    display: block;
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    transition: color var(--transition-base);
}

.news-home-day {
    display: block;
    font-size: 43px;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 0.8;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    transition: color var(--transition-base);
}

.news-home-body {
    width: 100%;
}

.news-home-body h4 {
    font-size: 22px;
    line-height: 1.25;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-text);
    transition: color var(--transition-base);
}

.news-home-body p {
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.35;
    margin-top: 10px;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    transition: color var(--transition-base);
}

/* News hover */
.news-home-item:hover {
    background-color: var(--color-primary);
    border-color: var(--color-primary);
    color: #fff;
}

.news-home-item:hover .news-home-body h4,
.news-home-item:hover .news-home-body p,
.news-home-item:hover .news-home-ym,
.news-home-item:hover .news-home-day {
    color: #fff;
}

/* Gallery */
.nng-gallery {
    width: 50%;
}

/* 비율로 — 소식 옆 반 칸에선 4:3(예전 px 높이와 거의 같다), 한 줄로 쌓이는 태블릿 세로는 16:9 로 낮춘다.
   정사각은 PC 반 칸에서 670px 넘게 커져 소식 목록보다 훨씬 길어진다 */
.gallery-home-slide {
    max-width: 770px;
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.gallery-home-slide a {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    height: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    position: relative;
    background-color: var(--color-bg-alt);
}

.gallery-home-slide a::before {
    content: '';
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-image: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35) 35%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 60%);  /* 높이에 비례 — px 로 두면 휴대폰에서 그림 절반이 까맸다 */
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    z-index: 1;
}

.gallery-home-slide a img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform var(--transition-base);
}

.gallery-home-slide a:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.gallery-home-text {
    position: absolute;
    z-index: 2;
    bottom: 50px;
    left: 50px;
}

.gallery-home-text .g-title {
    font-size: 22px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #fff;
}

.gallery-home-text .g-date {
    display: block;
    font-size: 13px;
    margin-top: 24px;
    color: #fff;
}

/* ============================================
   Footer
   ============================================ */
.footer {
    background: var(--color-bg-dark);
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    padding: var(--spacing-3xl) 0 var(--spacing-xl);
}

.footer-inner {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.footer-info {
    flex: 1;
}

.footer h3 {
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
    font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.footer-contact-list {
    list-style: none;
}

.footer-contact-list li {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.footer-contact-list li strong {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    min-width: 64px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.footer-logo {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.footer-logo a {
    display: block;
}

.footer-logo img {
    height: 50px;
    width: auto;
    opacity: 0.8;
    transition: opacity var(--transition-fast);
}

.footer-logo a:hover img {
    opacity: 1;
}

.footer a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.footer a:hover {
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
}

.footer-copy {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
    padding-top: var(--spacing-lg);
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
    opacity: 0.6;
}

/* ============================================
   Page Header (subpages — not home)
   ============================================ */
.page-header ~ .main-content,
.main-content.has-page-header {
    padding-top: 0;
}

/* ============================================
   Team — PI Profile
   ============================================ */
.team-section {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-3xl);
}

.team-role-title {
    font-size: var(--font-size-xl);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--color-accent);
    display: inline-block;
}

.pi-profile {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
    align-items: flex-start;
    padding: var(--spacing-xl);
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
}

.pi-photo {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 200px;
}

.pi-photo img {
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
}

.pi-info {
    flex: 1;
}

.pi-name {
    font-size: var(--font-size-2xl);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.pi-degree {
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.pi-contact {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
}

.pi-contact strong {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    margin-right: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.pi-bio {
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-top: var(--spacing-md);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

/* ============================================
   Team — Member Grid
   ============================================ */
/* 칸 수 — 사진이 PC 에서 250~330px 안팎이게: 넓으면 4칸, ≤1127px 3칸, 휴대폰(≤520px) 2칸 */
.member-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.member-card {
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
    overflow: hidden;
    background: var(--color-bg);
    transition: box-shadow var(--transition-base);
}

.member-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.member-card-photo {
    aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.member-card-photo img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

/* 사진이 없으면 같은 정사각 자리에 이름 첫 글자 — 사진 있는 카드와 한 줄에 서도 높이가 맞게.
   아무도 사진이 없으면 자리표 없이 이름만(큰 글자 상자만 줄지어 서지 않게) */
.member-card-photo-none {
    display: none;
}

.member-grid:has(.member-card-photo img) .member-card-photo-none {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    color: var(--color-primary);
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 4.5rem);
}

.member-card-info {
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;  /* 긴 이름·메일 주소가 좁은 칸에서 넘치지 않게 */
}

.member-card-name {
    font-size: var(--font-size-base);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
    color: var(--color-primary);
}

.member-card-period {
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.member-card-degree {
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.member-card-field {
    margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
}

.member-card-field strong {
    display: block;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    margin-bottom: 2px;
}

.member-card-field p {
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.member-position {
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
}

.member-email {
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    margin-top: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.member-bio {
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
}

/* ============================================
   Team — Alumni Grid
   ============================================ */
.alumni-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.alumni-card {
    padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    background: var(--color-bg);
    transition: box-shadow var(--transition-fast);
}

.alumni-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.alumni-card h4 {
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.alumni-degree {
    font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.alumni-period {
    font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

/* ============================================
   Research — Theme Cards (subpage)
   ============================================ */
.research-theme-grid {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
}

/* 그림은 정사각 — 넓으면 왼쪽에 크기를 못 박아 두고 글은 오른쪽, 휴대폰은 작은 그림 옆에 제목·중주제, 설명은 그 아래 전체 폭 */
.research-theme-card {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
    align-items: flex-start;
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
    background: var(--color-bg);
    transition: box-shadow var(--transition-base);
}

.research-theme-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.research-theme-img {
    flex: none;
    width: 280px;
    aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

.research-theme-body {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
    align-self: center;
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) 0;
}

.research-theme-num {
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.15em;
    color: var(--color-accent);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-theme-sub {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    color: var(--color-primary);
    font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.research-theme-desc {
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
    .research-theme-card { gap: var(--spacing-xl); }
    .research-theme-img { width: 200px; }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
    .research-theme-grid { gap: var(--spacing-lg); }
    .research-theme-card {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: 96px minmax(0, 1fr);
        gap: var(--spacing-md);
        padding: var(--spacing-md);
    }
    .research-theme-img { width: 96px; }
    .research-theme-body { display: contents; }
    .research-theme-head,
    .research-theme-desc { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
    .research-theme-img + .research-theme-body > .research-theme-head { grid-column: 2; align-self: center; }
    .research-theme-head h2 { font-size: var(--font-size-xl); }
    .research-theme-sub { margin-bottom: 0; font-size: var(--font-size-base); }
}

/* Legacy research-area (keep for backwards compat) */
.research-area {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-3xl);
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.research-area:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.research-area-content {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.research-area-image {
    flex: 0 0 300px;
}

.research-area-image img {
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
}

.research-area-text h3 {
    font-size: var(--font-size-xl);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.research-area-description {
    line-height: 1.8;
}

/* ============================================
   Publications — Year Tabs (subpage)
   ============================================ */
.pub-year-tabs {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: var(--spacing-xs);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--color-border);
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.pub-year-tab {
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius) var(--border-radius) 0 0;
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.pub-year-tab:hover {
    color: var(--color-accent);
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
}

.pub-year-tab.active {
    color: var(--color-accent);
    font-weight: 700;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--color-accent);
    margin-bottom: -2px;
}

/* 손가락 화면은 폭과 상관없이 누르기 좋게 44px 높이 — 휴대폰 가로(844px)는 768px 구간 밖이다 */
@media (hover: none) and (pointer: coarse) {
    .pub-year-tab {
        display: inline-flex;
        align-items: center;
        min-height: 44px;
    }
}

.pub-year-header {
    font-size: var(--font-size-xl);
    color: var(--color-primary);
    margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

/* ============================================
   Publications — Entry List (subpage)
   ============================================ */
.pub-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.pub-entry {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    padding: var(--spacing-md) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.pub-entry:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.pub-num {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: 50%;
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--color-primary);
}

/* 대표 그림 — 번호와 글 사이에 정사각. 한 화면에 그림이 하나라도 있으면 그림 없는 논문의 글도 같은 자리에서 시작한다 */
.pub-page { --pub-thumb: 120px; }

.pub-thumb {
    flex: none;
    width: var(--pub-thumb);
    aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
}

.pub-page:has(.pub-thumb) .pub-num + .pub-detail {
    margin-left: calc(var(--pub-thumb) + var(--spacing-lg));
}

.pub-detail {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
}

.pub-title {
    display: block;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.pub-authors {
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.pub-journal {
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.pub-doi-text {
    margin-left: var(--spacing-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    word-break: break-all;
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
    .pub-page { --pub-thumb: 96px; }
}

/* 휴대폰 — 그림을 번호 아래로 내려 왼쪽 한 줄(번호·그림)에 두고, 글 칸은 넓게 쓴다(그림 옆에 제목을 두면 360px 에서 한 줄에 두세 낱말씩 꺾였다) */
@media (max-width: 520px) {
    .pub-page { --pub-thumb: 72px; }
    .pub-page:has(.pub-thumb) .pub-entry {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: var(--pub-thumb) minmax(0, 1fr);
        grid-template-rows: auto 1fr;
        column-gap: var(--spacing-md);
    }
    .pub-page:has(.pub-thumb) .pub-num { justify-self: center; }
    .pub-thumb { grid-column: 1; margin-top: var(--spacing-sm); }
    .pub-page:has(.pub-thumb) .pub-detail { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1 / span 2; }
    .pub-page:has(.pub-thumb) .pub-num + .pub-detail { margin-left: 0; }
}

.pub-link-btn {
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
    padding: 2px var(--spacing-sm);
    font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
    background: var(--color-accent);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    transition: background var(--transition-fast);
}

.pub-link-btn:hover {
    background: var(--color-accent-hover);
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
}

/* 누름 영역만 44px 안팎으로 넓힌다(보이는 크기는 그대로) — 23px 높이라 손가락으로 누르기 어려웠다 */
.pub-link-btn::after { content: ''; position: absolute; inset: -10px -4px; }

.pub-meta {
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.pub-doi {
    font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
    padding: 2px 6px;
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    margin-left: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.pub-doi-link {
    font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
    margin-left: var(--spacing-sm);
    color: var(--color-accent);
}

.publication-list {
    list-style: none;
}

.publication-list li {
    padding: var(--spacing-md) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.publication-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.publication-list-full {
    counter-reset: pub-counter;
}

.publication-list-full li {
    counter-increment: pub-counter;
}

/* ============================================
   News — Table list (subpage)
   ============================================ */
.news-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
}

.news-table thead {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
}

.news-table th,
.news-table td {
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
    text-align: left;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
}

.news-table th {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-primary);
}

.news-table-no {
    width: 60px;
    text-align: center;
}

.news-table-date {
    width: 120px;
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.news-table td a {
    color: var(--color-text);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.news-table td a:hover {
    color: var(--color-accent);
}

.news-table tbody tr:hover {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
}

/* ============================================
   News — Detail (subpage)
   ============================================ */
.news-detail {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.news-detail-header {
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
}

.news-detail-title {
    font-size: var(--font-size-2xl);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.news-detail-date {
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.news-detail-body {
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
    min-height: 200px;
}

.news-detail-body h3 {
    font-size: var(--font-size-xl);
    margin-top: var(--spacing-2xl);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.news-detail-body h4 {
    font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
    margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.news-detail-body p {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.news-detail-body img {
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    margin: var(--spacing-md) 0;
}

.news-detail-body figure {
    margin: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
}

.news-detail-body figcaption {
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.news-detail-body ul,
.news-detail-body ol {
    margin: var(--spacing-md) 0;
    padding-left: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.news-detail-body ul {
    list-style: disc;
}

.news-detail-body ol {
    list-style: decimal;
}

.news-detail-body li {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.news-detail-body blockquote {
    margin: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    padding: var(--spacing-lg) var(--spacing-xl);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--color-accent);
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border-radius: 0 var(--border-radius) var(--border-radius) 0;
}

.news-detail-body blockquote p {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.news-detail-body blockquote cite {
    display: block;
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    font-style: normal;
    margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.news-detail-body table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    margin: var(--spacing-lg) 0;
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
}

.news-detail-body table th,
.news-detail-body table td {
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    text-align: left;
}

.news-detail-body table thead {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
}

.news-detail-body table th {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-primary);
}

.news-detail-body table tbody tr:hover {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
}

.news-detail-body strong {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.news-detail-body em {
    font-style: italic;
}

.news-detail-body a {
    color: var(--color-accent);
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-underline-offset: 2px;
}

.news-detail-body a:hover {
    color: var(--color-accent-hover);
}

.news-detail-footer {
    padding-top: var(--spacing-lg);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.btn-back {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text);
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.btn-back:hover {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    color: var(--color-accent);
}

/* Legacy news styles */
.news-list .news-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    padding: var(--spacing-md) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.news-date {
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    flex-shrink: 0;
    min-width: 80px;
}

.news-title {
    font-weight: 500;
}

.news-article {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.news-article:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.news-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: baseline;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.news-header h3 {
    font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
}

.news-content {
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

/* ============================================
   Gallery — Full grid (subpage)
   ============================================ */
.gallery-grid > .empty-state {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
}

.gallery-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.gallery-item {
    display: block;
    position: relative;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    overflow: hidden;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
}

.gallery-item img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 200px;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform var(--transition-base);
}

.gallery-item:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.gallery-caption {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
    color: var(--color-text-inverse);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2px;
}

.gallery-caption-title {
    font-weight: 600;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;  /* 긴 제목이 작은 정사각 그림을 덮지 않게 두 줄까지 */
}

.gallery-caption-date {
    font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
    opacity: 0.8;
}

/* 목록의 작은 그림은 정사각(사진 상세는 원래 비율 그대로) — 넓으면 4칸, ≤1127px 3칸, 휴대폰(≤520px) 2칸.
   한 쪽 12장이 4·3·2칸 모두 줄을 꽉 채운다 */
.gallery-grid-full {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.gallery-grid-full .gallery-item img {
    height: auto;
    aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
}

/* ============================================
   Gallery — Detail (subpage)
   ============================================ */
.gallery-detail {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.gallery-detail-header {
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
}

.gallery-detail-title {
    font-size: var(--font-size-2xl);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.gallery-detail-date {
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.gallery-detail-image {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.gallery-detail-image img {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
}

/* 휴대폰 가로(낮은 화면) — 그림이 화면 높이 안에 들어오게 비율 그대로 줄여 가운데에 */
@media (max-height: 500px) and (orientation: landscape) {
    .gallery-detail-image img {
        width: auto;
        max-height: 80vh;
        max-height: 80svh;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }
}

.gallery-detail-caption {
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
    min-height: 50px;
}

.gallery-detail-footer {
    padding-top: var(--spacing-lg);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

/* ============================================
   Contact (subpage) — 상자(관리 → 연락처)를 차례대로 6칸 격자에 놓는다: full 6칸 · half 3칸 · third 2칸,
   줄이 차면 다음 줄로. ≤980px 흐름 줄(남는 자리를 상자가 채운다), ≤520px(휴대폰 세로) 모두 한 줄 전체.
   띠(.contact-band)는 격자 밖 형제라 바탕이 화면 양끝까지 닿는다 — 100vw 는 스크롤바만큼 넘치니 쓰지 않는다
   ============================================ */
.contact-page {
    --contact-gap: var(--spacing-2xl);  /* 상자 사이 세로 여백 */
}

.contact-blocks {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(6, minmax(0, 1fr));
    column-gap: var(--spacing-xl);
    align-items: start;
}

.contact-w-full { grid-column: span 6; }
.contact-w-half { grid-column: span 3; }
.contact-w-third { grid-column: span 2; }

/* 상자 사이는 아래 여백으로 띄운다 — 접기가 이어지면 목록처럼 붙이고, 그 목록이 끝날 때만 띄운다 */
.contact-block { margin-bottom: var(--contact-gap); }
.contact-fold { margin-bottom: 0; }
.contact-fold:has(+ :not(.contact-fold)),
.contact-fold:last-child { margin-bottom: var(--contact-gap); }
.contact-blocks:last-child { margin-bottom: calc(-1 * var(--contact-gap)); }  /* 화면 끝은 구역 여백만 */

.contact-block-title {
    font-size: var(--font-size-2xl);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

/* 그림 — 원래 비율 그대로, 칸보다 넓거나 화면보다 높으면 비율대로 줄어든다(늘리지는 않는다) */
.contact-image {
    max-width: 100%;
    max-height: 80vh;
    max-height: 80svh;
    height: auto;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
}

.contact-fold-body .contact-image { margin: var(--spacing-md) 0 0; }

/* 서식 글(굵게·목록·링크·소제목) */
.contact-rich {
    line-height: 1.8;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;  /* 긴 메일 주소·링크가 휴대폰에서 넘치지 않게 */
}

.contact-rich p,
.contact-rich ul,
.contact-rich ol,
.contact-rich blockquote { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md); }
.contact-rich > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.contact-rich ul { list-style: disc; padding-left: var(--spacing-xl); }
.contact-rich ol { list-style: decimal; padding-left: var(--spacing-xl); }
.contact-rich li { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs); }
.contact-rich strong,
.contact-rich b { color: var(--color-primary); }

.contact-rich h2,
.contact-rich h3,
.contact-rich h4 {
    margin: var(--spacing-lg) 0 var(--spacing-sm);
    font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
}

.contact-rich > :first-child { margin-top: 0; }

.contact-rich blockquote {
    padding-left: var(--spacing-md);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--color-accent);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

/* 띠 — 연한 바탕 한 줄, 가운데 큰 제목과 부제(글) */
.contact-band {
    margin-bottom: var(--contact-gap);
    padding: var(--spacing-2xl) 0;
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border-top: 1px solid #dbe8ed;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #dbe8ed;
    text-align: center;
}

.contact-band h2 {
    font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 3vw, var(--font-size-4xl));
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.contact-band-sub {
    margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.contact-band-sub p + p { margin-top: var(--spacing-xs); }

/* 접기 — 제목 줄 오른쪽 끝에 ∨(펼치면 뒤집힌다), 줄 아래 가는 선. 손가락으로 누르기 넉넉한 높이 */
.contact-fold summary {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    min-height: 56px;
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-xs);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-medium);
    color: var(--color-primary);
    font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.4;
    list-style: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.contact-fold summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }

.contact-fold summary::after {
    content: '';
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 10px;
    height: 10px;
    margin-right: 6px;
    border-right: 2px solid currentColor;
    border-bottom: 2px solid currentColor;
    transform: translateY(-3px) rotate(45deg);
    transition: transform var(--transition-base);
}

.contact-fold details[open] > summary::after { transform: translateY(2px) rotate(-135deg); }
.contact-fold summary:hover { color: var(--color-accent-hover); }
.contact-fold summary:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--color-accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
.contact-fold-body { padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-lg); }

/* 지도 — 칸 너비에 4:3 */
.contact-map-frame,
.contact-map iframe {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
}

/* 연락처 정보 — 전체 너비 상자에선 목록 | 설정의 지도(있으면) 두 칸, 좁은 상자에선 한 칸 */
.contact-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
    align-items: start;
}

.contact-w-half .contact-layout,
.contact-w-third .contact-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }

/* 설정에 지도가 없으면 목록이 왼쪽 절반만 쓰고 오른쪽이 비었다 — 한 줄 전체로(접기 줄처럼 선이 끝까지) */
.contact-info-section:only-child { grid-column: 1 / -1; }

.contact-list {
    list-style: none;
}

.contact-list li {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    padding: var(--spacing-md) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
}

.contact-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.contact-list li strong {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 80px;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.contact-list li span {
    min-width: 0;
    color: var(--color-text);
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

/* 태블릿·휴대폰 가로(≤980px) — 흐름 줄: 너비대로 놓되 줄에 남는 자리는 그 줄 상자들이 늘어 채운다(3분의 1 둘은 절반씩,
   넷째 3분의 1은 한 줄 전체). 3분의 1을 절반으로 바꿨을 땐 셋이 2+1 로 놓여 한 칸이 비었다. PC 는 고른 너비 그대로 격자.
   연락처 정보는 절반보다 좁히지 않는다 — 3분의 1(태블릿 224px)이면 주소가 7줄로 꺾였다 */
@media (max-width: 980px) {
    .contact-blocks { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; }
    .contact-block { flex: 1 1 calc(100% / 3 - var(--spacing-xl)); min-width: 0; }
    .contact-w-half,
    .contact-info { flex-basis: calc(50% - var(--spacing-xl)); }
    .contact-w-full { flex-basis: 100%; }
    /* 늘어난 3분의 1 상자의 그림은 커지지 않게 — 한 줄 전체로 늘면 태블릿에서 세로 그림이 화면 높이만큼(720x960) 컸다 */
    .contact-w-third .contact-image { max-width: min(100%, 360px); }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .contact-page { --contact-gap: var(--spacing-xl); }
    .contact-blocks { column-gap: var(--spacing-lg); }
    .contact-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
    .contact-band { padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0; }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
    .contact-block { flex-basis: 100%; }
}

/* ============================================
   Auth
   ============================================ */
.auth-form-wrapper {
    max-width: 400px;
    margin: var(--spacing-3xl) auto;
    padding: var(--spacing-2xl);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
}

.auth-form-wrapper .page-title {
    text-align: center;
    border-bottom: none;
    font-size: var(--font-size-2xl);
}

/* ============================================
   Responsive — Desktop Large (<=1600px)
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 1600px) {
    .hero-title,
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 80px;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 23px;
    }

    .section-label {
        font-size: 22px;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 65px;
    }

    .pub-home-title {
        font-size: 28px;
    }

    .pub-home-right {
        width: 260px;
        height: 210px;
    }

    .news-home-body h4 {
        font-size: 20px;
    }

    .news-home-item {
        min-height: auto;
        padding: 8px 0;
    }

}

/* ============================================
   Responsive — Desktop Medium (<=1400px)
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 1400px) {
    .hero-title,
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 70px;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 20px;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 60px;
    }

    .pub-home-section {
        margin-top: 50px;
        padding-bottom: 50px;
    }

    .pub-bg {
        min-height: 650px;
    }

    .news-home-body h4 {
        font-size: 18px;
    }

    .news-home-item {
        padding: 2px 0;
    }

    .news-home-day {
        font-size: 45px;
    }

    .news-home-ym {
        font-size: 14px;
    }

}

/* ============================================
   Responsive — Desktop Small (<=1280px)
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 1280px) {
    .hero {
        height: 560px;
        padding: 0 20px;
    }

    .hero-title,
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 60px;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 18px;
    }

    .hero-fullscreen {
        height: 560px;
        min-height: auto;
    }

    .pub-home-year {
        width: 80px;
        height: 30px;
        line-height: 30px;
        font-size: 18px;
        border-radius: 6px;
    }

    .pub-home-title {
        font-size: 25px;
    }

    .pub-home-meta {
        font-size: 18px;
    }

    .pub-home-right {
        width: 202px;
        height: 160px;
    }

    .pub-home-list-below {
        height: 350px;
    }
}

/* ============================================
   Responsive — Tablet Large (<=1127px)
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 1127px) {
    /* 태블릿 가로·좁은 PC 창 — 로고 + 메뉴 여섯 개가 햄버거 경계(768px)까지 한 줄에 들어가게 */
    .nav-menu > li > a {
        padding: 0 14px;
    }

    .hero-title,
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 55px;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 16px;
    }

    .hero-scroll p {
        font-size: 12px;
    }

    .pub-home-card {
        padding: 30px;
        gap: 30px;
        border-radius: 10px;
    }

    .pub-home-title {
        font-size: 22px;
    }

    .pub-home-meta {
        font-size: 16px;
    }

    .pub-home-right {
        border-radius: 7px;
    }

    .pub-bg::before,
    .pub-bg::after {
        display: none;
    }

    .pub-bg {
        min-height: 650px;
        top: -200px;
    }

    .pub-home-list-below li {
        padding: 20px;
    }

    .member-grid,
    .gallery-grid-full {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

/* ============================================
   Responsive — Tablet (<=980px)
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 980px) {
    .section-label {
        font-size: 18px;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 46px;
    }

    .hero-title,
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 50px;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 14px;
    }

    /* News & Gallery */
    .section-news-gallery {
        padding: 50px 0 100px;
    }

    .nng-wrap {
        gap: 20px;
    }

    .alumni-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    }

    .news-home-body p {
        margin-top: 5px;
    }

    .news-home-item:nth-child(3) {
        display: none;
    }

    .news-home-item {
        border-radius: 10px;
        padding: 3px 0;
    }

    .news-home-body h4 {
        font-size: 16px;
    }

    .gallery-home-slide a {
        border-radius: 10px;
    }

    .gallery-home-text .g-title {
        font-size: 18px;
    }

    .gallery-home-text {
        bottom: 30px;
        left: 30px;
    }
}

/* ============================================
   Responsive — Tablet Small (<=860px)
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 860px) {
    .section-label {
        font-size: 18px;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 43px;
    }

    .btn-more {
        font-size: 14px;
    }

    .hero-title,
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 45px;
    }
}

/* ============================================
   Responsive — Mobile (<=768px)
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .nav-toggle {
        display: block;
    }

    .nav-menu {
        display: none;
        position: absolute;
        top: var(--nav-height);
        left: 0;
        right: 0;
        background: var(--color-bg);
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
        text-align: center;
        padding: var(--spacing-md);
        box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
        /* 휴대폰 가로(높이 390px)에서 펼친 메뉴가 화면 아래로 잘렸다 — 남은 높이 안에서 굴린다 */
        max-height: calc(100vh - var(--nav-height));
        max-height: calc(100dvh - var(--nav-height));
        overflow-y: auto;
    }

    .nav-menu.open {
        display: flex;
    }

    .nav-menu > li > a {
        color: var(--color-text);
        line-height: 48px;
        padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
    }

    /* 펼친 메뉴는 흰 바탕이다 — 첫 화면의 흰 글자 규칙이 이기면 지금 화면(Home)이 보이지 않았다 */
    .nav-menu > li > a.active,
    .nav-menu > li > a:hover {
        color: var(--color-primary);
        opacity: 1;
    }

    .nav-menu > li.has-submenu::after {
        display: none !important;
    }

    .nav-submenu {
        display: none;
        position: static;
        transform: none;
        box-shadow: none;
        border: none;
        background: var(--color-bg-alt);
        border-radius: 0;
        min-width: unset;
        padding: 0;
    }

    .nav-submenu li a {
        padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-xl);
    }

    .nav-dropdown .dropdown-menu {
        position: static;
        box-shadow: none;
        border: none;
        background: var(--color-bg-alt);
        border-radius: 0;
    }

    .dropdown-menu a {
        color: var(--color-text);
        padding-left: var(--spacing-xl);
    }

    .dropdown-menu a:hover {
        background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
        color: var(--color-primary);
    }

    .hero {
        min-height: 300px;
        height: 50vh;
    }

    .hero-fullscreen {
        height: 80vh;
        min-height: 400px;
    }

    .hero-title,
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 42px;
    }

    .pub-home-year {
        width: 65px;
        height: 25px;
        line-height: 25px;
        font-size: 12px;
    }

    .pub-home-title {
        font-size: 18px;
    }

    .pub-home-right {
        width: 180px;
        height: 130px;
    }

    .research-area-content {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .research-area-image {
        flex: none;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .alumni-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }

    .pi-profile {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
    }

    /* 소개 문단은 길어 가운데 맞춤이면 읽기 어렵다 — 이름·직함만 가운데 */
    .pi-bio {
        text-align: left;
    }

    .pi-photo {
        width: 160px;
    }

    .gallery-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }

    .gallery-grid-full {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }

    .pub-year-tabs {
        gap: 2px;
    }

    /* 손가락으로 누르기 좋게 44px 높이 — 글자 크기는 그대로 */
    .pub-year-tab {
        display: inline-flex;
        align-items: center;
        min-height: 44px;
        padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
        font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
    }

    .footer-inner {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .news-table th:first-child,
    .news-table td:first-child {
        display: none;
    }

    /* News & Gallery → stacked */
    .nng-wrap {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 50px;
    }

    .nng-news,
    .nng-gallery {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .news-home-item {
        max-width: 100%;
    }

    .news-home-body h4 {
        font-size: 14px;
    }

    .gallery-home-slide {
        max-width: 100%;
        aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
    }

    .nng-gallery {
        width: 100%;
    }
}

/* ============================================
   Responsive — Mobile Small (<=680px)
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 680px) {
    .section-title {
        font-size: 40px;
    }

    .hero-title,
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 42px;
    }
}

/* ============================================
   Responsive — Mobile XS (<=520px)
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 520px) {
    .section-label {
        font-size: 16px;
        margin-bottom: 5px;
    }

    .main-content-home .section-label {
        text-align: center;
    }

    .section-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 25px;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 35px;
    }

    .btn-more {
        margin-left: auto;
    }

    .hero-title,
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 38px;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 12px;
    }

    /* Publication */
    .pub-home-card {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        height: auto;
    }

    .pub-home-left {
        width: 100%;
        align-items: center;
    }

    .pub-home-title {
        text-align: center;
    }

    .pub-home-right {
        width: 100%;
        height: 200px;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
        background-color: #eee;
    }

    .pub-bg {
        min-height: 870px;
    }

    .pub-home-list-below {
        height: 490px;
    }

    /* Gallery */
    .gallery-home-slide {
        aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
    }

    .member-grid,
    .gallery-grid-full {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
        gap: var(--spacing-md);
    }

    .member-card-info {
        padding: var(--spacing-md);
    }

    /* 작은 정사각(160px 안팎)에선 글 띠가 그림 절반을 덮었다 — 제목 한 줄, 여백을 줄인다 */
    .gallery-caption {
        padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-sm);
    }

    .gallery-caption-title {
        -webkit-line-clamp: 1;
    }

    /* 홈 소식 — 날짜 칸(100px)과 여백이 폭의 절반을 먹어 제목·요약이 세 낱말씩 꺾였다 */
    .news-home-item-inner {
        padding: 0 16px;
        gap: 16px;
    }

    .news-home-date {
        width: 64px;
    }
}

/* ============================================
   Responsive — Mobile XXS (<=400px)
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 400px) {
    .hero-title,
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 33px;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 12px;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 30px;
    }

    .pub-home-right {
        height: 150px;
    }
}

/* ============================================
   Responsive — Mobile Tiny (<=320px)
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 320px) {
    .hero-title,
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 30px;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 30px;
    }

}

/* ============================================
   Precision Flow theme — approved concept
   ============================================ */
.nav-logo .logo-text {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: .22em;
}

.precision-hero {
    padding: 0;
    min-height: 720px;
    min-height: min(720px, 100vh);
    height: 100vh;
    height: 100dvh;
    max-height: none;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    text-align: left;
    background: var(--color-primary-dark);
}

.precision-hero:not(.hero-has-media)::before {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(4, 18, 37, .98) 0%, rgba(5, 25, 48, .9) 32%, rgba(5, 25, 48, .18) 68%, rgba(5, 25, 48, .35) 100%);
    animation: precisionHeroReveal 1.8s ease-out both;
}

.precision-hero.hero-has-media::before {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(4, 18, 37, .94), rgba(5, 25, 48, .32) 72%, rgba(5, 25, 48, .5));
    animation: none;
}

@keyframes precisionHeroReveal {
    from { opacity: .55; }
    to { opacity: 1; }
}

.precision-grid {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    z-index: 1;
    pointer-events: none;
    opacity: .12;
    background-image:
        linear-gradient(rgba(98, 221, 208, .16) 1px, transparent 1px),
        linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(98, 221, 208, .16) 1px, transparent 1px);
    background-size: 80px 80px;
    mask-image: linear-gradient(90deg, #000, transparent 64%);
}

.flow-still,
.flow-motion {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    z-index: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    pointer-events: none;
    opacity: 1;
}

/* 움직이는 선은 자기 층에서만 다시 그린다 — 겹침(screen)과 빛 번짐은 선마다가 아니라 층 전체에 한 번,
   GPU(합성 단계)가 한다. 선마다 걸면 매 프레임 CPU 가 그림 위에 스무 번 넘게 섞고 번져 태블릿에서 끊겼다(2026-09-25) */
.flow-motion {
    mix-blend-mode: screen;
    filter: drop-shadow(0 0 3px rgba(90, 210, 255, .55));
    will-change: transform;
}

.flow-streak {
    fill: none;
    stroke-width: 2.2;
    stroke-linecap: round;
    stroke-dasharray: 3 24 18 52;
    opacity: .68;
}

.flow-streak-blue { stroke: rgba(56, 180, 255, .8); }
.flow-streak-aqua { stroke: rgba(98, 237, 215, .82); }
.flow-streak-core { stroke-width: 2.8; opacity: .82; }
.flow-streak-soft { stroke-width: 1.7; stroke-dasharray: 2 20 11 43; opacity: .48; }
.flow-streak-edge { stroke-width: 1.2; stroke-dasharray: 2 27 8 51; opacity: .34; }

.flow-streak-zone {
    animation-name: flowTravel;
    animation-timing-function: linear;
    animation-iteration-count: infinite;
}

.flow-streak-wide {
    clip-path: url('#flow-wide-clip');
    animation-duration: 6.4s;
}

.flow-streak-narrow {
    clip-path: url('#flow-narrow-clip');
    animation-duration: 3.75s;
}

.flow-phase-1 { animation-delay: -.7s; }
.flow-phase-2 { animation-delay: -1.6s; }
.flow-phase-3 { animation-delay: -2.5s; }
.flow-phase-4 { animation-delay: -3.4s; }
.flow-phase-5 { animation-delay: -4.3s; }

.flow-particle-blue { fill: #7cd8ff; }
.flow-particle-aqua { fill: #8ff5df; }
.flow-particle-small { opacity: .56; }

@keyframes flowTravel {
    to { stroke-dashoffset: -194; }
}

.precision-hero .hero-overlay {
    max-width: var(--container-max);
    height: 100%;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: calc(var(--nav-height) + 60px) var(--spacing-lg) 95px;
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 5vw;
}

.precision-hero .hero-content {
    width: min(740px, 64vw);
    text-align: left;
}

.precision-hero .hero-kicker {
    margin-bottom: 1.6rem;
    color: #62ddd0;
    font-size: .82rem;
    letter-spacing: .27em;
    text-align: left;
}

.precision-hero .hero-title,
.precision-hero h1 {
    margin: 0;
    color: #fff;
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-size: clamp(4.2rem, 5.5vw, 6.4rem);
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: .98;
    letter-spacing: -.045em;
    text-align: left;
}

.precision-hero .hero-title span {
    color: #8be5ea;
}

.precision-hero .hero-subtitle {
    max-width: 690px;
    margin-top: 2.2rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .82);
    font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.35vw, 1.25rem);
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.7;
    text-align: left;
}

.hero-cta {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: .8rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    padding-bottom: .45rem;
    color: #fff;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #62ddd0;
    font-size: .9rem;
    letter-spacing: .04em;
}

.hero-cta:hover { color: #8be5ea; }
.hero-cta span { font-size: 1.1rem; }

.precision-hero .hero-scroll { bottom: 28px; }

.precision-research {
    padding-top: 5.5rem;
    padding-bottom: 4rem;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #f7fbfc 0%, #fff 55%);
}

.section-label {
    color: var(--color-accent-hover);
    font-size: .78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: .24em;
}

.section-title {
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-weight: 400;
    letter-spacing: -.035em;
}

.pub-home-section { margin-top: 2rem; }
.pub-bg { background-color: #f1f7f9; }
.pub-home-card { border-color: #dbe8ed; box-shadow: 0 14px 38px rgba(8, 39, 66, .08); }
.pub-home-mark { background: linear-gradient(145deg, #0b3158, #0b5673); color: #8be5ea; }
.news-home-item:hover { background-color: #0b3158; border-color: #0b3158; }

@media (max-width: 980px) {
    .precision-hero { height: 100vh; height: 100dvh; min-height: min(720px, 100dvh); }
    .precision-hero .hero-overlay { padding-top: calc(var(--nav-height) + 3rem); }
    .precision-hero .hero-content { width: min(680px, 82vw); }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .precision-hero {
        height: 100vh;
        height: 100dvh;
        min-height: min(680px, 100dvh);
    }
    .precision-hero:not(.hero-has-media)::before {
        background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(4, 18, 37, .91), rgba(5, 25, 48, .65));
    }
    .precision-grid { background-size: 48px 48px; opacity: .08; }
    .precision-hero .hero-overlay {
        padding: calc(var(--nav-height) + 2rem) 1.5rem 6rem;
        align-items: flex-end;
    }
    .precision-hero .hero-content { width: 100%; }
    /* 작은 제목 — 11px 는 휴대폰에서 읽기 어려웠다. 두 줄이면 '·' 뒤에서만 꺾인다(home.html 의 &nbsp;) */
    .precision-hero .hero-kicker { font-size: .8rem; letter-spacing: .14em; line-height: 1.7; }
    .precision-hero .hero-title,
    .precision-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(3.2rem, 14vw, 5rem); }
    .precision-hero .hero-subtitle { max-width: 35rem; font-size: .98rem; }
    .precision-research { padding-top: 5rem; }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
    .precision-hero { height: 100vh; height: 100dvh; min-height: min(640px, 100dvh); }
    .precision-hero .hero-title,
    .precision-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 13vw, 4rem); }
    .precision-hero .hero-subtitle { line-height: 1.55; }
    .hero-cta { margin-top: 1.5rem; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .precision-hero:not(.hero-has-media)::before { animation: none; }
    .flow-streak,
    .flow-particle { display: none; }
}

@media (max-height: 700px) and (min-width: 769px) {
    .precision-hero .hero-overlay {
        padding-top: calc(var(--nav-height) + 1rem);
        padding-bottom: 2rem;
    }
    .precision-hero .hero-kicker { margin-bottom: .75rem; }
    .precision-hero .hero-title,
    .precision-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(3rem, 7.5vh, 4.5rem); }
    .precision-hero .hero-subtitle {
        max-width: 620px;
        margin-top: 1rem;
        font-size: .95rem;
        line-height: 1.5;
    }
    .hero-cta { margin-top: 1rem; }
    .precision-hero .hero-scroll { display: none; }
}

/* 휴대폰 가로처럼 낮은 화면(높이 500px 이하) — 머리말을 낮추고 첫 화면 글을 줄인다. 667x375·740x360 에서 큰 제목이
   머리말 뒤로 밀려 올라가 잘렸고, 다른 구역은 머리말 아래 여백과 제목줄 아래 여백만으로 화면이 거의 찼다 */
@media (max-height: 500px) and (orientation: landscape) {
    :root { --nav-height: 60px; }
    .precision-hero .hero-overlay {
        padding: calc(var(--nav-height) + .75rem) var(--spacing-lg) 1.25rem;
        align-items: center;
    }
    .precision-hero .hero-kicker { margin-bottom: .5rem; }
    .precision-hero .hero-title,
    .precision-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 11vh, 3rem); }
    .precision-hero .hero-subtitle {
        max-width: 620px;
        margin-top: .75rem;
        font-size: .9rem;
        line-height: 1.45;
    }
    .hero-cta { margin-top: .75rem; }
    .precision-hero .hero-scroll { display: none; }
    .precision-research { padding-top: 3rem; }
    .section-header { margin-bottom: 2rem; }
}